Saturday, January 12, 2008

ANC leader Zuma calls for unity (bbc)


The new head of South Africa's ruling party, Jacob Zuma, has made his first public address to the African National Congress since taking over as leader.
In a speech before thousands of ANC members in Pretoria, Mr Zuma called for party unity after the bitter leadership contest against President Thabo Mbeki.
He said work was needed to heal the internal rifts caused by the contest.
Mr Zuma, who has been confirmed as the party's presidential candidate in 2009, will face a corruption trial in August.
The 65-year-old has said he would only resign if a court found him guilty.
If he is cleared, Mr Zuma is almost certain to be elected as president, given the ANC's grip on power since the end of apartheid in 1994.
Two centres of power
An estimated 20,000 ANC members attended the rally to mark the 96th anniversary of their party at a football stadium on the outskirts of the capital, Pretoria.
The crowd was made up of mainly of Zuma supporters, many wearing T-shirts bearing his image, singing his trademark anti-apartheid guerrilla song Bring Me My Machine Gun.
JACOB ZUMA
Played key role in fight against apartheid
Plagued by corruption allegations
Acquitted on rape charges
Seen as charismatic
Zuma enjoys crowning
Controversial arms deal
Mr Zuma acknowledged that the past few months and years had placed the unity of the ANC under great strain and that it had been a painful period.
But he said the ANC's great strength had been its ability to unite the people of South Africa, adding that party members or leaders "must never be used to marginalise or exclude others".
He gave a reassurance that there should be no apprehension about relations between the ANC and government, even though Mr Zuma is now in charge of the ruling party and Thabo Mbeki remains president of the country.
Mr Mbeki did not attend the party celebrations, and the BBC's Peter Biles, who is in Pretoria, says that his absence will only fuel speculation that there remains a rift between the two.
Mr Zuma took over the leadership of the ANC from Mr Mbeki after a divisive and bruising election contest last month.
There are now two centres of power in South Africa, with Mr Zuma in charge of the ruling party and Mr Mbeki serving out his term as president of the country until 2009.
Mr Zuma used his speech to also outline his political priorities for the coming year, highlighting the "serious challenges of unemployment, poverty and inequality".
He said that the current rate of unemployment was at about 40% but falling slowly.
He praised Thabo Mbeki's government for presiding over an uninterrupted period of economic growth but insisted that this growth needed to be accelerated in order to close the gap between the rich and poor.

Iraq lifts curbs on Saddam allies(bbc)


Iraq's parliament has passed a bill to allow ex-officials from the Baath party of former leader Saddam Hussein to return to public life.
The US had been urging Iraq's Shia-led government to pass the law in an effort to involve the minority Sunni Arabs more closely in the political process.
It will allow thousands of former party members to apply for reinstatement in the civil service and military.
Sunnis had described the old law as a collective punishment.
WHO ARE THE BAATHISTS?
The party was the political instrument of Saddam Hussein's rule
An estimated 2.5 million Iraqis were party members
Banned and broken up by US administrator in May 2003
Baathism was a pan-Arab secular nationalist movement
Saddam Hussein's regime was predominantly Sunni and many figures were removed from government after his fall in 2003 under an edict from ex-US administrator Paul Bremer.
The army was disbanded, thousands of teachers, university lecturers and civil servants were sacked and anyone who had been a member of the higher tiers of the party was banned from government employment.
However, many were reinstated after the US found that it had cleared out key ministries and the military without having any replacements.
Sunni insurgency
The new law creates a three-month period for the ex-members to be challenged, after which they will be immune from prosecution over the Saddam era.
It excludes former Baath members charged with crimes or still sought for them.
However, it will grant state pensions to many former Baathist employees even if they are not given new posts.
The legislation was presented to parliament last year by Prime Minister Nouri Maliki, a Shia, and President Jalal Talabani, a Kurd.
Much of the Sunni insurgency is thought to be centred on dismissed military men from the Baathist regime.

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